Corrections and Retractions

Corrections (Errata)

Corrections are issued when a published article contains errors that do not alter the overall results, interpretations, or conclusions, but require clarification for the scholarly record.

Examples include:

  • Minor typographical errors
  • Author name spelling corrections
  • Incorrect figure or table labels

Process:

  1. Authors or readers notify the editorial office at editor@gjocr.in.
  2. Editors assess the error and publish a Correction Notice linked to the original article.
  3. The original article remains unchanged except for a footnote referencing the correction.

Retractions

Retractions are issued when a published article contains serious errors or ethical issues that invalidate its findings, such as:

  • Data fabrication or falsification
  • Plagiarism
  • Duplicate publication
  • Ethical violations (e.g., lack of appropriate ethics approval, no informed consent)

Process:

  1. An investigation is initiated by the editors, possibly involving the authors' institution.
  2. The authors are given an opportunity to respond.
  3. If retraction is warranted, a Retraction Notice is published, clearly stating the reasons and who initiated the retraction.
  4. The original article is marked "Retracted" but remains accessible in the archive, with the Retraction Notice linked prominently to the original publication, in keeping with standard scholarly record-keeping practices.